Module 06 of 09

    Governance, Ethics & Board Oversight

    Every other module rests on this one: how the board decides, oversees and answers for what happens.

    Directors' duties, individual accountability, culture and speak-up.

    01. The Leadership Agenda

    Why it's on the leadership agenda

    Directors' duties have not changed in principle, but the expectation of evidence has. Regulators, auditors and courts now look for a clear record of what the board knew, what it asked, and what it decided.

    In Irish financial services, the Individual Accountability Framework assigns named responsibilities to senior individuals and holds them to conduct standards. Across the wider economy, organisations with 50 or more employees must operate formal whistleblowing channels, and directors can be personally liable where failures follow from their neglect.

    Culture is where these obligations meet. A board that cannot see how issues are raised, escalated and resolved cannot credibly say it oversees them.

    02. Scope

    What the module covers

    01

    Directors' duties in practice: what good oversight looks like, and how to record it

    02

    Allocating responsibility: role clarity between board, committees and executives

    03

    Individual accountability regimes, including SEAR for regulated financial services firms

    04

    Speak-up and protected disclosures: channels, independence and board reporting

    05

    Reading culture: the indicators that show whether stated values hold in practice

    06

    Board effectiveness: information flow, challenge and the quality of board papers

    03. Leadership Questions

    What your leadership team will be able to answer

    1. If a regulator asked who was responsible for a failure, could we name them and show the record?

    2. Do our committees and executives know exactly where their accountability starts and ends?

    3. Are concerns raised early, and would the board hear about the serious ones?

    4. Do our board papers give us what we need to challenge, or only what we need to note?

    5. What evidence do we have that our culture matches what we say it is?

    04. Regulatory Frame

    The regulatory frame

    Companies Act 2014

    Codifies directors' fiduciary duties and personal exposure for breaches.

    In force

    Individual Accountability Framework (Central Bank of Ireland)

    Conduct standards and the Senior Executive Accountability Regime for regulated financial services firms.

    Conduct standards from 29 Dec 2023; SEAR from 1 Jul 2024, with non-executive roles from 1 Jul 2025

    Protected Disclosures (Amendment) Act 2022

    Formal reporting channels, fixed response timelines and personal liability for directors where failures follow from neglect.

    Employers of 50 to 249 staff from 17 Dec 2023

    Dates reflect the position as of September 2026. Every engagement begins with a current regulatory review.

    05. Outcomes

    What you leave with

    A responsibilities map across the board, committees and executive team

    A review of how board decisions are evidenced and recorded

    An assessment of your speak-up arrangements against the 2022 Act

    A short set of culture indicators for regular board review

    Practical recommendations on board papers, information flow and challenge